General effects
| Effect | Description |
| 0xy | Arpeggio, x = second note, y = third note |
| 1xx | Pitch slide up, xx = speed (00 to disable) |
| 2xx | Pitch slide down, xx = speed (00 to disable) |
| 3xx | Automatic portamento, slides to new notes xx = speed (00 to disable) |
| 4xy | Vibrato effect, x = speed (0 to disable), y = depth |
| 7xy | Tremolo effect, x = speed (0 to disable), y = depth |
| Axy | Volume slide, A0x = slide down, Ax0 = slide up |
| Bxx | Jump to frame xx |
| Cxx | Halt, stopping the song (xx doesn't do anything) |
| Dxx | Skip to next frame and start at row xx |
| Exx | Volume setting. Obsolete, use the volume colum instead. |
| Fxx | Speed/tempo, sets the speed when xx is between 01 - 1F, and tempo when xx is between 20 - FF |
| Gxx | Note delay, delay before the current row is triggered, xx = frames to wait |
| Hxy | Hardware sweep up, triggers a hardware sweep up (only available on 2A03 squares) x = period (0 - 7), y = shift (1 - 7) |
| Ixy | Hardware sweep down, triggers a hardware sweep down (only avaliable on 2A03 squares) x = period (0 - 7), y = shift (1 - 7) |
| Pxx | Fine pitch, fine pitch offset setting, xx = offset (80 is default) |
| Qxy | Note slide up, x = speed, y = number of notes |
| Rxy | Note slide down, x = speed, y = number of notes |
| Sxx | Delayed note cut. Cuts note after xx number of frames. |
| Vxx | Square duty / noise mode, sets the square duty and noise mode setting, xx = 00 - 03 for square and 00 - 01 for noise. xx = 00 - 07 for VRC6. |
DPCM effects
| Effect | Description |
| W0x | DPCM pitch (0 - F) |
| Xxx | DPCM retrigger, xx = length in frames between retrigger. |
| Yxx | DPCM sample offset, each step adds 64 bytes |
| Zxx | DPCM delta counter, changes the delta counter directly (through a write to $4011), affects volume of noise and triangle. xx is between 00 - 80 |
FDS effects
| Effect | Description |
| Hxx | Modulation depth (0 - 3F) |
| Ixx | Modulation speed, high part (00 - 0F) |
| Jxx | Modulation speed, low part (00 - FF) |